Health A to Z

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Arthritis

Tenderness accompanied by swelling of one or more joints is known as arthritis. The main sign of arthritis is joint pain with stiffness, which typically worsens with age. The many types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Symptoms of arthritis

The joints are where arthritis emerges.

Signs and symptoms of various types may include:

  • Joint pain
  • Stiffness
  • Swelling
  • Redness
  • Reduction in range of motion

Types of arthritis 

Osteoarthritis

The most prevailing kind of arthritis is osteoarthritis. Most frequently, it strikes people in their mid-40s or older. In addition, women and those with a family history of the illness are more likely to experience it.

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Osteoarthritis impacts the smooth cartilage that lines the joints. Movement becomes more challenging than usual, resulting in discomfort and stiffness. The ligaments must work harder as the cartilage lining becomes rougher and dwindles. Osteophytes and bone spurs may also grow and develop as a result.

Severe cartilage loss can result in bone pushing, changing the form of the joint, and displacing the bones from their natural positions.

The joints that get impact are those in the following:

  • Hands
  • Spine
  • Knees
  • Hips

Rheumatoid arthritis

In rheumatoid arthritis, the body’s immune system destroys the thick membrane that lines every joint component of the joint capsule. This membrane, known as the synovial membrane, swells and becomes inflammatory. The illness process may eventually destroy bone and cartilage in the joint.

Risks factor and complications of arthritis

Risk elements include:

  • Family background
  • Age
  • Your sexual orientation
  • Prior joint damage
  • Obesity

Severe arthritis can make it challenging to do daily duties, mainly if it affects your hands or arms. You may be unable to walk comfortably or sit up straight due to arthritis in your weight-bearing joints.

Treating an arthritis

Although you cannot fully cure arthritis, numerous therapies can help it progress more slowly.

Treatments for osteoarthritis include dietary adjustments, medications, and surgery.

Rheumatoid arthritis treatment seeks to lessen joint inflammation and decrease disease progression. This treatment lowers the risk of joint injury.

Medication, physiotherapy, and surgery are all forms of treatment.

Reviewed by – Dr. Priyanka, MBBS MD Microbiology
Page last reviewed: 16 JULY 2022